内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. AMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
2. BPreparing and passing sterile instruments
3. CGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient
4. DObtaining the patient's surgical consent

哪两个原因导致大多数急性胰腺炎病例？

1. A病毒性感冒和压力
2. B胆结石和酒精
3. C高纤维和脱水
4. D吸烟和肥胖

What is the main purpose of a biopsy when cancer is suspected?

1. ATo give chemotherapy directly into the tumour
2. BTo confirm the diagnosis by examining tissue
3. CTo remove all the cancer at once
4. DTo measure the patient's blood count

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. AThe catheter prevents wound infection
2. BIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
3. CBurns always cause the bladder to rupture
4. DHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. AAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told
2. BGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor
3. CSet up a private setting with enough time
4. DGive all treatment options before checking understanding

PCA 泵的锁定间隔的目的是什么？

1. A阻止患者在夜间获得任何剂量
2. B使患者在大剂量之间等待一天
3. C在上一剂尚未起效前阻止新剂量
4. D锁住泵，使注射器无法更换

After a coughing fit, the external mark on a patient's nasogastric tube has moved 10 cm. Feed is due. What should the nurse do?

1. ADo not use the tube until its position is confirmed by policy
2. BGive the medicines only and save the feed for later
3. CPush the tube back to the original mark and start the feed
4. DStart the feed at a slow rate and watch for coughing

Just after extubation in recovery, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in, with falling SpO₂. What should the nurse do first?

1. AWait a few minutes to see if it passes
2. BGive an opioid to calm the patient's breathing and reduce anxiety
3. CCall for help, give 100% oxygen and use a jaw thrust
4. DSit the patient up and give a drink of water