内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why does a low serum albumin contribute to oedema?

1. AIt lowers oncotic pressure, so fluid leaks into tissues
2. BIt causes the heart to pump more blood into the legs
3. CIt blocks the lymph vessels in the abdomen
4. DIt raises blood pressure and pushes fluid into the kidneys

Which signs suggest early hypovolaemic shock after surgery?

1. ANormal pulse with heavy sweating only after meals
2. BRising heart rate, cool skin and slow capillary refill
3. CSlow heart rate, flushed skin and warm hands
4. DHigh blood pressure with a fast, bounding pulse

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. ABacteria that cause food poisoning
2. BFat in the stool from poor absorption
3. CHidden human blood in the stool
4. DParasites and their eggs in the stool

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AKeeping the room dark during the day
2. BGiving a sleeping tablet every night
3. CMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
4. DMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom

Why are antibody levels checked after a healthcare worker receives the hepatitis B vaccine?

1. ATo check whether they caught hepatitis B from the vaccine
2. BTo measure liver damage caused by the vaccine
3. CTo confirm that the vaccine produced immunity
4. DTo decide whether they need a liver biopsy

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
2. BA heart attack during the operation
3. CA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning
4. DGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm

一名乳腺癌患者出现意识混乱、口渴、便秘和多尿。应考虑哪种肿瘤急症？

1. A低血糖
2. B恶性肿瘤相关高钙血症
3. C上腔静脉阻塞
4. D肿瘤溶解综合征

A nurse has a needlestick injury after taking blood from a patient with hepatitis B. What should the nurse do first?

1. AWash the site with soap and running water, without scrubbing
2. BSuck the wound to remove as much of the blood as possible
3. CFinish the shift and report it the next day
4. DScrub the area hard with a nail brush and alcohol