内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is the main aim of palliative care?

1. AImproving quality of life for people with serious illness
2. BOnly providing care in the last hour of life
3. CCuring the disease at any cost, whatever the side effects
4. DReplacing all other medical treatment

What is an ERCP?

1. AAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
2. BA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes
3. CA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
4. DAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts

How is parenteral nutrition given?

1. ABy mouth as a thick supplement drink
2. BInto a vein, usually through a central line
3. CThrough a nasogastric tube into the stomach
4. DInto the muscle of the thigh

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. AIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
2. BBurns always cause the bladder to rupture
3. CHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation
4. DThe catheter prevents wound infection

哪项饮食建议可降低新回肠造口堵塞的风险？

1. A不怎么咀嚼就快速吞咽食物
2. B第一天起就吃大量坚果和种子
3. C喝很少的水以使排出物变稠
4. D充分咀嚼，并缓慢引入含纤维的食物

哪种敷料通常适用于需要湿润的干燥、有腐肉的伤口？

1. A藻酸盐
2. B水凝胶
3. C泡沫
4. D干纱布

An 80 kg adult has 30% TBSA partial- and full-thickness burns. Using the Parkland formula, how much crystalloid is planned for the first 8 hours from the time of the burn?

1. A9600 mL
2. B3200 mL
3. C2400 mL
4. D4800 mL

A patient with bone metastases is starting regular zoledronic acid. Which advice is important?

1. ATake extra calcium only on the day of infusion
2. BStop drinking all fluids on the day of each infusion
3. CHave a dental check and report jaw pain or loose teeth
4. DAvoid all physical activity for six months