内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ABlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
2. BRedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn
3. CDry, white, leathery skin with no pain
4. DCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone

What is the purpose of anti-embolism stockings for surgical patients?

1. ATo prevent pressure ulcers on the heels
2. BTo lower the blood pressure after surgery
3. CTo reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis
4. DTo keep the legs warm in theatre

患者通常如何描述神经病理性疼痛？

1. A烧灼样、射击样或像电击
2. B一阵阵袭来的痉挛性疼痛
3. C仅在按压该区域时的搏动性疼痛
4. D活动时加重的钝痛

In the UK National Early Warning Score (NEWS2), what does an aggregate score of 5 or more usually trigger?

1. ARoutine observations once every 12 hours, with no other change in care
2. BNo change unless the patient complains
3. CAn urgent review by a clinician skilled in acute illness
4. DDischarge planning for the next day

Which monitoring is especially important for a patient receiving parenteral nutrition?

1. ABowel sounds and stool colour only
2. BBlood glucose and signs of line infection
3. CPeak flow and visual acuity
4. DPupil size and limb strength

Why is the time a surgical limb tourniquet is inflated carefully recorded?

1. AIt shows how long the anaesthetic gas was used
2. BLong inflation can cause nerve and muscle damage
3. CThe tourniquet slowly loses all its air after one minute
4. DThe surgeon is paid per minute of use

烧伤复苏期间，一名体重 80 kg 的成人尿量连续 2 小时为 15 mL/h。这提示什么？

1. A液体过多；现在应停止所有静脉补液
2. B导尿管堵塞，直接拔掉即可
3. C复苏不足；通常需要加快补液速度
4. D烧伤患者的正常尿量

A patient is booked for a urea breath test for H. pylori. Which medicine should usually be stopped 2 weeks before the test?

1. AParacetamol (acetaminophen)
2. BAmlodipine
3. COmeprazole
4. DLevothyroxine