内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

造口袋通常应在何时排空？

1. A仅在完全装满到顶时
2. B每天一次，在同一时间
3. C当它有三分之一到一半满时
4. D仅在开始渗漏时

在高收入国家，成人小肠梗阻最常见的原因是什么？

1. A嵌顿在胆囊颈部的胆结石
2. B结直肠癌
3. C既往手术造成的粘连
4. D吞入的异物

Where are venous leg ulcers usually found?

1. AOn the front of the thigh
2. BOn the sole of the foot under the heel
3. CAround the inner ankle, in the gaiter area
4. DOn the tips of the toes and between the toes

A dying patient can no longer drink. Which mouth care is most appropriate?

1. ALemon and glycerine swabs every hour to stimulate saliva
2. BFrequent, gentle moistening of the mouth and lips
3. CNo mouth care, to avoid disturbing the patient
4. DBrushing hard with a stiff toothbrush twice a day

Why are many patients screened for MRSA before planned surgery?

1. ATo check whether the patient has had a flu vaccine
2. BSo that carriers can be decolonised to reduce infection
3. CSo that surgery can be cancelled for all positive patients
4. DTo decide which anaesthetic drug to use

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned
2. BThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
3. CThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants
4. DThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure

A patient on chemotherapy has white plaques on the tongue and cheeks that wipe off to leave red areas. What is most likely?

1. AFood residue only
2. BOral candidiasis
3. CNormal mucositis healing
4. DLeukoplakia from smoking

A nurse teaches a patient after a laparoscopic fundoplication for reflux. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Some difficulty swallowing can happen in the early weeks."
2. B"I'll eat soft, moist food at first and chew it well."
3. C"Fizzy drinks will help me bring up wind after meals."
4. D"I should eat smaller meals for a while after the operation."