内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why are patients advised to stop smoking before surgery?

1. AIt is needed so that consent forms are valid
2. BIt stops patients from feeling hungry while fasting
3. CIt lowers the risk of chest and wound complications
4. DIt makes the anaesthetic work for a shorter time

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry
2. BUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft
3. CApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area
4. DScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks

On a numerical rating scale for pain, what do 0 and 10 usually mean?

1. A0 is mild pain and 10 is moderate pain
2. BThe numbers show how many hours the pain has lasted
3. C0 is the worst pain and 10 is no pain at all
4. D0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain imaginable

Which is a usual benefit of laparoscopic over open abdominal surgery?

1. ALess pain and a shorter hospital stay
2. BNo need for a general anaesthetic ever
3. CNo risk of any complications at all
4. DLarger wounds that heal faster

In the SBAR communication tool, what belongs under "A"?

1. AA list of the patient's allergies only
2. BThe patient's admission date only
3. CThe nurse's assessment of what the problem is
4. DThe address and phone number of the patient's next of kin

Why are laxatives and enemas avoided when appendicitis is suspected?

1. AThey may increase the risk of perforation
2. BThey stop antibiotics from being absorbed
3. CThey make the blood tests impossible to read
4. DThey always cause the appendix to bleed heavily

On day 3 after admission, a patient with alcohol dependence becomes confused, with hallucinations, sweating, tremor, fever and tachycardia. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal anxiety about being in hospital
2. BDelirium tremens from alcohol withdrawal
3. CAn allergic reaction to hospital food
4. DHepatitis A caught on the ward

A patient with a leg ulcer has an ABPI of 0.5. The doctor's plan mentions starting strong compression bandages. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply compression but only at night
2. BApply compression and elevate the leg above the heart all day
3. CWithhold strong compression and discuss urgent vascular referral
4. DApply the strongest compression to speed healing