内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ABecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason
2. BBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
3. CBecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
4. DSo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately

为什么肝病会出现黄疸？

1. A肾脏产生过多尿素
2. B肝脏一次制造过多的红细胞
3. C食物中的黄色色素储存在皮肤里
4. D肝脏无法清除胆红素，使其积聚

What is a PICC line?

1. AA central venous catheter inserted through a vein in the arm
2. BA tube inserted into the stomach through the abdomen
3. CA short cannula in a vein on the back of the hand
4. DA catheter placed in the bladder through the lower abdominal wall

What is TENS?

1. AA device that sends mild electrical pulses through skin pads
2. BA pain score used for babies
3. CA strong opioid given through the skin as a weekly adhesive patch
4. DA type of epidural catheter inserted in theatre

Which infection control measure is correct for a patient with C. difficile diarrhoea?

1. ANo special measures once antibiotics have started
2. BA single room with its own toilet, and soap-and-water handwashing
3. CA shared bay, as long as alcohol gel is used after every contact
4. DA face mask for the patient and visitors only

Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?

1. AWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab
2. BA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster
3. CWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
4. DA wet wound bed always prevents infection

Four hours after surgery, a catheterised patient's urine output has been 10 mL/h for two hours. Vital signs are stable. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThe time the patient last ate
2. BYesterday's chest X-ray and blood gas results
3. CWhether the patient wants a cup of tea
4. DThat the catheter and tubing are not kinked or blocked

一名高压电损伤的患者有小的入口和出口伤口。为什么需要密切监测？

1. A皮肤伤口小，说明内部损伤也一定很轻
2. B电损伤从不造成皮肤表面以下的损害
3. C隐匿的肌肉损伤：心律失常、横纹肌溶解、肾损伤
4. D唯一真正的风险是皮肤伤口的轻微感染