内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is atelectasis?

1. ACollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung
2. BA blood clot in a leg vein
3. CSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery
4. DInfection of the surgical wound

What is the first phase of wound healing?

1. AProliferation
2. BMaturation
3. CEpithelialisation
4. DHaemostasis

用缝线闭合的清洁手术切口属于哪种愈合方式？

1. A二期愈合
2. B延迟愈合
3. C一期愈合
4. D三期愈合

Which burn should usually be discussed with a specialist burns service even if it is small?

1. AA tiny burn on the forearm with redness only
2. BA partial-thickness burn on the hand
3. CA healed burn scar from many years ago
4. DA small superficial sunburn on the back

What is the main treatment for a venous leg ulcer with an adequate arterial supply?

1. ASurgery to amputate the limb
2. BKeeping the leg hanging down all day
3. CCompression therapy
4. DStrong oral antibiotics for all ulcers

内镜检查前，哪个评分用于评估上消化道出血的风险？

1. AWaterlow 压疮风险评分
2. BDVT 的 Wells 评分
3. C格拉斯哥昏迷量表
4. DGlasgow-Blatchford 评分

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. AA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit
2. BFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan
3. CTall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG
4. DFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray

A dying patient has noisy, rattling breathing. The patient seems unaware, but the family is distressed. What is the best nursing approach?

1. APerform deep suction every hour
2. BReposition, explain the cause and give prescribed drugs if needed
3. CGive large volumes of IV fluid to loosen and thin the secretions
4. DAsk the family to leave the room