内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is an autograft in burn care?

1. AA synthetic dressing made in a laboratory from collagen
2. BSkin taken from another part of the patient's own body
3. CSkin taken from a donor who has died
4. DSkin taken from a pig or other animal

Why are pressure garments worn after burns heal?

1. ATo keep the patient warm in winter
2. BTo hide the scars from other people
3. CTo prevent infection of the healed skin
4. DTo reduce raised, thick scarring

成人烧伤的初始复苏通常使用哪种液体？

1. A口服含气可乐饮料
2. B静脉注射用灭菌水
3. C静脉注射 50% 葡萄糖溶液
4. D哈特曼液（乳酸林格液）

Which lung problem is a known toxicity of bleomycin?

1. ALung cancer within weeks
2. BPneumothorax from coughing
3. CPulmonary fibrosis
4. DAsthma from pollen

给予细胞毒性化疗药物时，通常推荐使用哪种个人防护装备？

1. A经化疗药物测试的手套和防渗隔离衣
2. B不需要个人防护装备，因为输液袋是密封的
3. C纸质外科口罩，不戴手套
4. D普通棉手套和塑料围裙

内镜检查前，哪个评分用于评估上消化道出血的风险？

1. ADVT 的 Wells 评分
2. BWaterlow 压疮风险评分
3. CGlasgow-Blatchford 评分
4. D格拉斯哥昏迷量表

During bowel preparation, an older patient becomes dizzy and confused. Blood tests show sodium 127 mmol/L. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the preparation and escalate to the medical team
2. BRecord it and continue as planned, as this is expected
3. CEncourage plain water only, as much as possible
4. DGive the rest of the preparation more quickly

An older patient with atrial fibrillation has sudden severe abdominal pain, but the abdomen is soft with little tenderness. Lactate is raised. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AIrritable bowel syndrome
2. BSimple constipation
3. CMuscle strain from coughing
4. DAcute mesenteric ischaemia