内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why should rings, watches and tight clothing be removed early after a burn to the arm?

1. AMetal items always cause infection in burns
2. BSwelling may follow, and they could cut off the circulation
3. CThey interfere with the rule of nines calculation of burn size
4. DThey make the burn look worse in photographs

Which measure helps prevent burn scar contractures?

1. AAvoiding all movement until the wound has healed
2. BKeeping the joint bent in the most comfortable position
3. CApplying ice packs to the scar every day
4. DPositioning, splinting and regular stretching exercises

What is a carcinoma?

1. AA cancer arising from epithelial cells
2. BA benign growth of fatty tissue
3. CA cancer of white blood cells
4. DA cancer arising from bone or muscle

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually
2. BDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output
3. CAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life
4. DEat only liquids until the stoma is removed

Which is a recognised risk of long-term proton pump inhibitor use?

1. AHyperkalaemia
2. BHypomagnesaemia
3. CHypercalcaemia
4. DHypernatraemia

什么是麻痹性肠梗阻？

1. A没有物理性阻塞，但肠蠕动丧失
2. B伴发热的肠壁感染
3. C肿瘤阻塞肠腔
4. D大肠扭转，阻断其血供

A 60 kg adult with 25% TBSA burns arrives 2 hours after the injury, having had no IV fluids. Using the Parkland formula, what hourly rate is needed for the rest of the first 8 hours?

1. A375 mL/h
2. B1000 mL/h
3. C500 mL/h
4. D250 mL/h

A patient is booked for a urea breath test for H. pylori. Which medicine should usually be stopped 2 weeks before the test?

1. AAmlodipine
2. BLevothyroxine
3. COmeprazole
4. DParacetamol (acetaminophen)