内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which is a main benefit of early mobilisation after surgery?

1. ALess need to check the wound at all
2. BLower risk of chest infection and blood clots
3. CFaster absorption of the anaesthetic gas
4. DIt prevents all postoperative pain

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ALoop diuretics
2. BNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DLow molecular weight heparins

Which bedside test is commonly used to check for postoperative urinary retention?

1. AA bladder ultrasound scan
2. BA 12-lead ECG
3. CA chest X-ray
4. DA blood glucose test

Why is IV hydration given with cisplatin?

1. ATo raise the blood pressure during treatment
2. BTo make the drug less effective
3. CTo protect the kidneys from damage
4. DTo prevent hair loss

Aspirate from a nasogastric tube has a pH of 7. What should the nurse do?

1. AStart the feed slowly and watch the patient closely for coughing
2. BDo not use it; re-test later or arrange an X-ray as per policy
3. CFlush with 50 mL of air and start the feed
4. DGive the medicines but not the feed

Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?

1. ARegular light to moderate activity, such as walking
2. BComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
3. CDrinking several strong coffees every evening
4. DAvoiding all daily activities

On the day after a Hartmann's procedure, the end colostomy is dark purple to black. What should the nurse do?

1. ARub the stoma to improve its colour
2. BRecord it as normal postoperative bruising and recheck it next week
3. CCut a smaller hole in the pouch
4. DReport it urgently, as the stoma may be necrotic

Which group of signs suggests that a patient is entering the last days of life?

1. AClearer thinking and increased movement
2. BRising appetite, more energy and normal skin colour and warmth
3. CHigh blood pressure and very fast weight gain
4. DReduced intake, mottled skin and changes in breathing