内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

哪项建议有助于化疗引起口腔黏膜炎的患者？

1. A在疼痛缓解前停止所有口腔护理
2. B吃热的辛辣食物以刺激唾液分泌
3. C用软毛牙刷轻柔护理，并用生理盐水漱口
4. D每天多次使用含酒精的漱口水消毒

Which non-invasive test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori infection?

1. ASerum amylase test
2. BFaecal occult blood test
3. CLiver function tests
4. DUrea breath test

Using the rule of nines in an adult, what percentage is the whole front of the trunk?

1. A36%
2. B27%
3. C18%
4. D9%

Which rule about the sterile field is correct?

1. AThe area below a gowned person's waist is sterile
2. BIf sterility is in doubt, the item is treated as contaminated
3. CSterile items can be passed across a non-sterile area freely
4. DA sterile pack stays sterile even when it is wet

How are skin staples usually removed from a healed incision?

1. AAll staples at once by pulling each one straight up from the skin
2. BThe staples are left in permanently under the skin
3. CAlternate staples first, then the rest if the wound holds
4. DOnly the staples at each end, leaving the others for good

Which burn should usually be discussed with a specialist burns service even if it is small?

1. AA small superficial sunburn on the back
2. BA tiny burn on the forearm with redness only
3. CA healed burn scar from many years ago
4. DA partial-thickness burn on the hand

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. APulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help
2. BAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
3. CWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
4. DSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. APain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan
2. BThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
3. CThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs
4. DThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now