内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is Barrett's oesophagus?

1. ADilated veins in the lower oesophagus caused by portal hypertension
2. BA change of the lower oesophageal lining to a stomach-like type
3. CA tear in the oesophagus caused by forceful vomiting
4. DA pouch in the upper oesophagus that traps food

Which diet is usually advised to help prevent symptoms of diverticular disease?

1. AA diet with no fruit or vegetables
2. BA high-fibre diet with plenty of fluids
3. CA diet based mainly on red meat
4. DA low-fibre diet with very little fluid

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo measure the patient's temperature
2. BTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed
3. CTo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site
4. DTo feed the patient after surgery

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AGiving a sleeping tablet every night
2. BMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
3. CMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
4. DKeeping the room dark during the day

Which early symptoms suggest local anaesthetic systemic toxicity?

1. AA red rash only at the injection site, with no other symptoms
2. BTingling around the mouth, a metallic taste and tinnitus
3. CMild itching of the feet the next day
4. DIncreased hunger and thirst over several hours, with a dry mouth

什么是肿瘤溶解综合征？

1. A癌细胞迅速分解引起的代谢急症
2. B对化疗输注的过敏反应
3. C压迫神经的缓慢生长的肿瘤
4. D最近接受放疗区域的皮肤反应

A patient on warfarin has a major upper GI bleed with an INR of 5. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate to reverse the warfarin?

1. AMore warfarin to stabilise the INR
2. BOral aspirin to balance the clotting system quickly
3. CProtamine sulfate on its own
4. DProthrombin complex concentrate with IV vitamin K

On day 3 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has abdominal pain, fever and mild jaundice, and green fluid is draining from the drain. What is most likely?

1. AA bile leak
2. BUrinary retention
3. CNormal post-operative drainage
4. DA wound haematoma