内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which signs suggest a surgical site infection?

1. AIncreasing pain, redness, swelling, heat and pus
2. BA dry wound edge with a thin scab
3. CMild itching as the wound heals
4. DMild bruising around the wound that is fading a little each day

What does dysphagia mean?

1. APainful passing of urine
2. BDifficulty swallowing
3. CIndigestion after fatty food
4. DDifficulty speaking clearly

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
2. BThe patient's pain score after surgery
3. CThe exact length of the planned operation
4. DThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers

什么是肿瘤溶解综合征？

1. A最近接受放疗区域的皮肤反应
2. B对化疗输注的过敏反应
3. C癌细胞迅速分解引起的代谢急症
4. D压迫神经的缓慢生长的肿瘤

为什么教患者咳嗽时用枕头支托腹部伤口？

1. A它使咳嗽变弱，从而不使伤口受到风险
2. B它加速皮肤边缘的愈合
3. C它取代了规律镇痛的需要
4. D它可减轻疼痛和牵拉，使患者能有效咳嗽

一名肝硬化患者因肝性脑病服用乳果糖。通常的目标是什么？

1. A每周一次硬便
2. B数天不排便
3. C每天排两到三次软便
4. D每天十次或更多水样便

An older patient with atrial fibrillation has sudden severe abdominal pain, but the abdomen is soft with little tenderness. Lactate is raised. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple constipation
2. BAcute mesenteric ischaemia
3. CIrritable bowel syndrome
4. DMuscle strain from coughing

An immobile patient on opioids drinks very little. Which laxative choice is least appropriate?

1. AA stool softener with a stimulant laxative
2. BA stimulant laxative taken regularly
3. CAn osmotic laxative such as a macrogol
4. DA bulk-forming laxative used on its own