内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is a hiatus hernia?

1. AA bulge of bowel through an old surgical scar
2. BPart of the bowel pushing through the groin into the scrotum
3. CPart of the stomach pushing up through the diaphragm
4. DBowel bulging through a weak point in the muscle at the umbilicus

谁应该按下患者自控镇痛（PCA）泵的按钮？

1. A患者睡着时由亲属按
2. B护士在每班开始时按
3. C患者请求的任何访客
4. D只有患者本人

哪项建议有助于化疗引起口腔黏膜炎的患者？

1. A在疼痛缓解前停止所有口腔护理
2. B用软毛牙刷轻柔护理，并用生理盐水漱口
3. C吃热的辛辣食物以刺激唾液分泌
4. D每天多次使用含酒精的漱口水消毒

Before an anti-TNF biologic such as infliximab is started for Crohn's disease, which screening is essential?

1. AA test of colour vision
2. BA bone density scan
3. CA test for coeliac disease
4. DScreening for tuberculosis

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. ARub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption
2. BExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle
3. CLeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold
4. DInject into a vein in the back of the hand

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. AEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
2. BAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test
3. CDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation
4. DTake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened

A patient with a platelet count of 8 × 10⁹/L (8,000/µL) develops a sudden severe headache and confusion. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AIntracranial bleeding
2. BDehydration from poor intake
3. CA tension headache from stress
4. DNormal effects of chemotherapy

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. AA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit
2. BFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan
3. CTall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG
4. DFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray