内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

1. AVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material
2. BYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet
3. CBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell
4. DBright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels

Using the rule of nines in an adult, what percentage is the whole head and neck?

1. A1%
2. B4.5%
3. C9%
4. D18%

为什么中性粒细胞减少的患者要避免直肠测温和使用栓剂？

1. A它们干扰化疗药物的吸收
2. B它们总是给出偏低的体温读数
3. C可能损伤黏膜，使细菌进入血液
4. D它们使患者的白细胞计数进一步下降

什么是肿瘤溶解综合征？

1. A对化疗输注的过敏反应
2. B压迫神经的缓慢生长的肿瘤
3. C最近接受放疗区域的皮肤反应
4. D癌细胞迅速分解引起的代谢急症

Aspirate from a nasogastric tube has a pH of 7. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the medicines but not the feed
2. BStart the feed slowly and watch the patient closely for coughing
3. CDo not use it; re-test later or arrange an X-ray as per policy
4. DFlush with 50 mL of air and start the feed

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. ALie flat on their back for the first night
2. BAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
3. CBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery
4. DStop all pain relief for the first three days

A nurse teaches a patient going home between chemotherapy cycles. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I get a fever, I'll take paracetamol and see if it settles."
2. B"I'll keep the emergency number and call if I feel shivery."
3. C"I'll check my temperature whenever I feel hot, shivery or unwell."
4. D"I'll wash my hands often and avoid people with infections."

A nurse teaches a patient about a fentanyl skin patch. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll put the new patch on a different area of skin."
2. B"I won't put a hot water bottle over the patch."
3. C"I can cut the patch in half if I need less."
4. D"I'll fold used patches sticky sides together before disposal."