内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

在疼痛管理中，PCA 代表什么？

1. A由助手控制疼痛
2. B患者自控镇痛
3. C处方持续麻醉
4. D护理后评估

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry
2. BUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft
3. CApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area
4. DScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks

通常用哪项检查来寻找并治疗上消化道出血的来源？

1. A肠道结肠镜检查
2. B上消化道内镜检查
3. C钡餐吞咽检查
4. D腹部平片

Which description fits a category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer?

1. AA shallow wound into the dermis only
2. BA blister filled with clear fluid over the heel or sacrum
3. CFull-thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle
4. DIntact skin with redness that does not blanch

Why is an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before compression bandaging for a leg ulcer?

1. ATo check for a leg bone fracture
2. BTo exclude significant arterial disease
3. CTo find out how deep the ulcer is
4. DTo find the bacteria in the wound

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
2. BGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm
3. CA heart attack during the operation
4. DA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning

通过外周套管针静脉输注长春新碱时，患者报告灼痛，输注部位肿胀。护士首先应做什么？

1. A立即拔除套管针并按摩该区域以扩散药物
2. B停止输注，保留套管针以回抽，并遵循规程
3. C用生理盐水冲洗套管针，把残留药物推入静脉
4. D减慢速度继续输注，并在该部位敷冰袋

After a high-voltage electrical injury, a patient's urine is dark red-brown. What does this suggest and what is the usual aim?

1. AA urinary infection; send a sample and wait for the result
2. BBleeding from the bladder; stop all fluids
3. CNormal concentrated urine; restrict fluids
4. DMyoglobin from muscle damage; a higher urine output target