内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which bedside test is commonly used to check that a nasogastric tube is in the stomach before each use?

1. APutting the tube end in a cup of water
2. BListening for a "whoosh" of injected air
3. CTesting aspirate with pH paper
4. DAsking the patient whether it feels comfortable

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AA tube placed in the bowel for feeding
2. BA surgical join between two ends of bowel
3. CAn opening of the bowel onto the skin
4. DA drain placed beside the bowel

What is a carcinoma?

1. AA cancer arising from epithelial cells
2. BA cancer of white blood cells
3. CA benign growth of fatty tissue
4. DA cancer arising from bone or muscle

Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?

1. AThe patient is allergic to opioids
2. BThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm
3. CThe drug no longer has any side effects
4. DWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly

Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?

1. ARegular light to moderate activity, such as walking
2. BAvoiding all daily activities
3. CComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
4. DDrinking several strong coffees every evening

哪种电解质模式是肿瘤溶解综合征的典型表现？

1. A钾、磷酸盐和尿酸升高；钙降低
2. B钾低、磷酸盐低、尿酸低
3. C钠和钙升高，尿酸水平降低
4. D钾和磷酸盐降低，钙升高

A patient arrives in the anaesthetic room without an identity band. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop and confirm identity, then apply a band
2. BProceed and add a band once in recovery
3. CProceed because the patient can say their name
4. DUse the spare identity band from the front of the patient's notes folder

A patient on immunotherapy for melanoma has six watery stools a day and abdominal cramps. What should the nurse do?

1. AAdvise eating more fibre and fruit to firm up the stools
2. BEscalate urgently, as immune-related colitis is likely
3. CReassure that diarrhoea is normal and harmless
4. DGive loperamide and review next week