内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AA drain placed beside the bowel
2. BAn opening of the bowel onto the skin
3. CA surgical join between two ends of bowel
4. DA tube placed in the bowel for feeding

What is an ERCP?

1. AA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
2. BAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
3. CA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes
4. DAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts

Which is a main benefit of early mobilisation after surgery?

1. ALess need to check the wound at all
2. BLower risk of chest infection and blood clots
3. CIt prevents all postoperative pain
4. DFaster absorption of the anaesthetic gas

Which statement about giving medicines through a feeding tube is correct?

1. AModified-release tablets should not be crushed
2. BMedicines can be added to the bag of feed
3. CTubes do not need flushing between medicines
4. DAll tablets can be crushed together and given at once

Which intervention most reduces pressure ulcer risk in an immobile patient?

1. AUsing a doughnut-shaped ring cushion
2. BMassaging red areas firmly at each turn to bring back the circulation
3. CRegular repositioning and a pressure-redistributing mattress
4. DKeeping the head of the bed raised at 90° all day

Which nursing intervention best reduces preoperative anxiety?

1. AKeeping family members away until after surgery
2. BTelling the patient that there is nothing to worry about
3. CExplaining what will happen and answering questions
4. DAvoiding talking about the operation at all

Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition
2. BStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
3. CContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing
4. DGive the next medicines through the tube as usual

A patient on chemotherapy has white plaques on the tongue and cheeks that wipe off to leave red areas. What is most likely?

1. ALeukoplakia from smoking
2. BFood residue only
3. CNormal mucositis healing
4. DOral candidiasis