内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is pulmonary aspiration?

1. AInhaling stomach contents or other material into the lungs
2. BA collapsed lung after a chest drain
3. CRemoving fluid from the chest with a needle through the ribs
4. DBreathing too fast after surgery

急性胰腺炎的疼痛通常位于哪里？

1. A右下腹，靠近髋部
2. B下背部，平躺时缓解
3. C左肩尖，深呼吸时加重
4. D上腹部，常放射到背部

造口袋通常应在何时排空？

1. A仅在开始渗漏时
2. B仅在完全装满到顶时
3. C每天一次，在同一时间
4. D当它有三分之一到一半满时

哪种电解质异常可促成术后肠梗阻？

1. A高钠血症
2. B高钾血症
3. C低钾血症
4. D高磷血症

Which statement about giving medicines through a feeding tube is correct?

1. AAll tablets can be crushed together and given at once
2. BMedicines can be added to the bag of feed
3. CTubes do not need flushing between medicines
4. DModified-release tablets should not be crushed

Why is an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before compression bandaging for a leg ulcer?

1. ATo exclude significant arterial disease
2. BTo find out how deep the ulcer is
3. CTo check for a leg bone fracture
4. DTo find the bacteria in the wound

Just after extubation in recovery, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in, with falling SpO₂. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACall for help, give 100% oxygen and use a jaw thrust
2. BSit the patient up and give a drink of water
3. CGive an opioid to calm the patient's breathing and reduce anxiety
4. DWait a few minutes to see if it passes

A patient arrives in recovery with a temperature of 35.2 °C and is shivering. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ASend the patient to the ward to warm up there under extra blankets
2. BRemove all blankets to let the body adjust
3. CGive cold IV fluids to settle the shivering
4. DStart active warming and monitor the temperature