内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which symptom in an adult over 50 is a red flag for colorectal cancer?

1. AOne episode of loose stools after a takeaway meal
2. BOccasional wind and rumbling after eating a meal of beans
3. CA lasting change in bowel habit with rectal bleeding
4. DMild bloating before a period

What is healing by secondary intention?

1. AA wound closed a few days after it was left open
2. BA wound closed with sutures straight after surgery
3. CA wound that heals without any new tissue
4. DA wound left open that heals from the base upwards

What is a parastomal hernia?

1. AA bulge of bowel through the abdominal wall next to a stoma
2. BA sore, red area of skin under the stoma bag from leaking output
3. CA stoma that has sunk below the level of the skin
4. DA narrowing of the stoma opening

出血性消化性溃疡内镜治疗后，常用哪类药物来抑制胃酸？

1. Aβ 受体阻滞剂
2. B西替利嗪等 H1 抗组胺药
3. C袢利尿剂
4. D质子泵抑制剂

Why are laxatives and enemas avoided when appendicitis is suspected?

1. AThey always cause the appendix to bleed heavily
2. BThey stop antibiotics from being absorbed
3. CThey make the blood tests impossible to read
4. DThey may increase the risk of perforation

Which burn should usually be discussed with a specialist burns service even if it is small?

1. AA tiny burn on the forearm with redness only
2. BA healed burn scar from many years ago
3. CA small superficial sunburn on the back
4. DA partial-thickness burn on the hand

A patient arrives in the anaesthetic room without an identity band. What should the nurse do?

1. AUse the spare identity band from the front of the patient's notes folder
2. BStop and confirm identity, then apply a band
3. CProceed and add a band once in recovery
4. DProceed because the patient can say their name

A patient with small cell lung cancer is confused and drowsy. Sodium is 118 mmol/L and the urine is highly concentrated. Which complication is likely?

1. ASIADH
2. BTumour lysis syndrome
3. CDiabetes insipidus
4. DHypercalcaemia of malignancy