内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. ASpread to nearby lymph nodes
2. BThe number of tumours in the body
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DThe nerve damage caused by the tumour

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ALow molecular weight heparins
2. BNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DLoop diuretics

If hair must be removed before surgery, which method is recommended?

1. APulling the hairs out with tweezers
2. BElectric clippers on the day of surgery
3. CA razor shave the night before surgery
4. DA wax strip several days before surgery

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AOnly clear fluids for several weeks
2. BNo food at all until the confusion settles
3. CNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack
4. DA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia

What are anticipatory ("just in case") medicines at the end of life usually prescribed for?

1. APain, nausea, agitation and respiratory secretions
2. BInfection prevention and vaccination
3. CHigh blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes
4. DWeight gain and appetite stimulation

After a percutaneous liver biopsy, how is the patient usually positioned at first?

1. AProne, with the head lower than the feet
2. BOn the right side, to press on the puncture site
3. COn the left side, to drain the liver
4. DSitting upright, with the legs over the edge of the bed

腹部手术后第 6 天，一名患者说咳嗽时有东西“裂开了”，并且伤口处可见肠管。护士应立即做什么？

1. A不覆盖伤口，让患者在床上完全坐直
2. B轻轻把肠管推回去，用胶带把伤口边缘牢牢粘在一起
3. C在等待团队时给患者吃点轻食以使其平静
4. D用生理盐水浸湿的无菌敷料覆盖，屈膝，呼叫外科医生

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. AGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding
2. BSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing
3. CTurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
4. DComplete the admission paperwork and medication history