内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Using the rule of nines in an adult, what percentage is the whole head and neck?

1. A4.5%
2. B9%
3. C18%
4. D1%

What is the main purpose of marking the surgical site before an operation?

1. ATo tell the porter which theatre to go to
2. BTo show where the skin should be shaved
3. CTo record the patient's allergy status
4. DTo prevent surgery on the wrong side or site

对于中性粒细胞减少的患者，哪项预防措施对减少感染最重要？

1. A整天拉着床帘
2. B让患者卧床
3. C每个人都严格做手卫生
4. D给每个访客用抗生素

A patient takes co-codamol at home (a combination tablet sold under different names in different countries). Why should the nurse check this before giving regular paracetamol (acetaminophen)?

1. AParacetamol and codeine cause a severe allergic reaction when combined
2. BCo-codamol must be stopped a week before any paracetamol
3. CCo-codamol stops paracetamol from working
4. DIt already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur

限钠和螺内酯在肝硬化中起什么作用？

1. A增加钾丢失并预防高钾血症
2. B升高血压并改善肾血流
3. C减少钠水潴留并控制腹水
4. D降低血氨并治疗脑病

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. APain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
2. BOnly paracetamol may be given
3. COpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority
4. DOpioids must never be used in pancreatitis

A nurse teaches a patient after a laparoscopic fundoplication for reflux. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I should eat smaller meals for a while after the operation."
2. B"Some difficulty swallowing can happen in the early weeks."
3. C"Fizzy drinks will help me bring up wind after meals."
4. D"I'll eat soft, moist food at first and chew it well."

A patient is splashed in the eye with an alkaline cleaning product. What is the first action?

1. AIrrigate the eye at once with large volumes of water or saline
2. BCover the eye with a pad and wait for a doctor to examine it first
3. CAsk the patient to rub the eye to clear it
4. DAdd a few drops of vinegar to neutralise it