内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is an ERCP?

1. AA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
2. BAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts
3. CAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
4. DA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes

What is slough in a wound?

1. AYellow, soft, stringy dead tissue
2. BPink, new skin at the wound edge
3. CA thick, hard black crust
4. DRed, healthy granulation tissue

使用成人“九分法”，一条完整的手臂占体表面积的百分之多少？

1. A36%
2. B9%
3. C18%
4. D1%

一名回肠膀胱术（尿路造口）患者担心尿中有黏液。正确的解释是什么？

1. A这是肾结石的征象，今天必须上报
2. B这是正常的，因为该通道由小肠制成
3. C这表明正在发生肠梗阻
4. D这意味着造口失效，需要手术

What is anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy?

1. ANausea caused by low blood glucose
2. BNausea that starts about a week after each cycle and lasts for days
3. CNausea caused only by the smell of food
4. DNausea triggered by reminders of treatment before it is given

Which statement about pain in older adults is correct?

1. AThey may under-report pain, so active assessment is needed
2. BOlder adults feel less pain because nerves wear out
3. COpioids must never be used in people over 70
4. DPain is a normal part of ageing and does not need any treatment at all

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo treat the patient's anaemia only
2. BTo rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
3. CTo prevent hair loss during treatment
4. DTo increase the anticancer effect on the tumour

Four patients from a house fire arrive in the emergency department. Which should the nurse assess first?

1. APartial-thickness burns to both legs, with pain rated 8/10
2. BA blistered forearm burn and a small cut on the knee
3. CRedness on the backs of both hands, and very anxious
4. DCircumferential chest burns, with breathing becoming shallow and laboured