内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

Which symptoms are classic for high blood glucose?

1. AJoint pain, morning stiffness and fever
2. BPassing a lot of urine, thirst and weight loss
3. CShaking, sweating and a racing heart
4. DWeight gain, feeling cold all the time and dry skin

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
2. BInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight
3. CA lack of glucagon from the pancreas
4. DEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood

Which symptoms are typical of diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

1. AMorning stiffness of the small hand joints
2. BA painful red, hot swollen big toe at night
3. CPain in the calves that starts when walking
4. DNumbness, tingling or burning in the feet

Why are patients on haemodialysis vaccinated against hepatitis B?

1. AThe vaccine lowers the potassium level
2. BThe vaccine is needed to make the dialyser work
3. CHepatitis B vaccine improves the fistula flow
4. DShared dialysis units carry a higher infection risk

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA strict low-protein diet
2. BA diet very high in caffeine for energy
3. CA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
4. DA high-calorie diet with enough protein

甲状腺切除术后，为什么常在床边备有拆线或拆夹器？

1. A用于在引流管不通时调整引流管
2. B用于从颈静脉抽血
3. C必须在术后第一天晚上拆线
4. D颈部血肿可压迫气道，可能需要松解

A man with chronic urinary retention is catheterised. Over the next hours he passes very large volumes of urine. What is the main nursing concern?

1. AA rise in blood glucose from the urine
2. BFluid and electrolyte loss from post-obstructive diuresis
3. CA urinary infection caused by the high flow of urine
4. DRupture of the bladder from the catheter

A nurse teaches a wheelchair user with a spinal cord injury about skin care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will keep my skin clean and dry."
2. B"I will use a mirror to check my bottom and heels every day."
3. C"I only need to check my skin when something hurts."
4. D"I will shift my weight in the chair regularly."