内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is spinal shock?

1. AA very low blood pressure caused by blood loss after trauma
2. BA temporary loss of reflexes and tone below a spinal cord injury
3. CA permanent loss of feeling in both hands only, from nerve damage
4. DA severe allergic reaction to spinal anaesthetic

How does glucagon raise blood glucose?

1. AIt stops the kidneys losing glucose in urine
2. BIt blocks the absorption of glucose in muscle
3. CIt adds glucose directly into the bloodstream
4. DIt makes the liver release stored glucose

What does the HbA1c test show?

1. AThe amount of insulin the pancreas is making
2. BThe average blood glucose over about two to three months
3. CThe glucose level over the last 24 hours only
4. DThe blood glucose at the exact moment that the sample is taken

哪项尿液表现最能区分尿崩症和 SIADH？

1. A两种疾病都排出高度浓缩的尿
2. B尿崩症尿中有葡萄糖；SIADH 尿中有蛋白
3. C尿崩症为稀释尿；SIADH 为浓缩尿
4. D尿崩症为浓缩尿；SIADH 为稀释尿

Why is an ACE inhibitor often given to a patient with diabetes and albumin in the urine?

1. AIt stops the kidneys from passing so much urine at night
2. BIt lowers the blood glucose to normal
3. CIt protects the kidneys and reduces albumin loss
4. DIt raises potassium to protect the heart

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen
2. BInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
3. CAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable
4. DInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed

On the first day after a kidney transplant, urine output suddenly falls from 200 mL/h to 10 mL/h. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThat the catheter is not blocked or kinked
2. BThe patient's blood glucose level
3. CThe patient's temperature and pulse
4. DWhether the patient has eaten

一名卒中并右侧肢体无力的患者准备从床转移到椅子上。哪种方法最安全？

1. A把椅子放在右侧，并拉着患侧手臂提起
2. B让患者独自站起并走到椅子上
3. C拉着右肩和手腕把患者拉起来
4. D把椅子放在左侧，并向椅子方向转身