内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

哪项表现是尿崩症的典型表现？

  1. A血糖高，尿中有大量葡萄糖
  2. B液体潴留伴血清钠偏低
  3. C少量高度浓缩的尿
  4. D大量稀释尿和极度口渴
2.简单

Which cranial nerves are mainly involved in the gag reflex?

  1. AOlfactory (I) and optic (II)
  2. BGlossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
  3. COculomotor (III) and abducens (VI)
  4. DTrigeminal (V) and facial (VII)
3.简单

Which organism causes most urinary tract infections?

  1. AEscherichia coli
  2. BCandida albicans
  3. CStreptococcus pneumoniae
  4. DStaphylococcus aureus
4.中等

一名 C6 水平急性脊髓损伤患者，哪种表现提示神经源性休克？

  1. A高血压、脉搏缓慢、剧烈头痛
  2. B血压正常、脉搏快、高热
  3. C低血压、脉搏快、皮肤冰冷湿冷
  4. D低血压、脉搏缓慢、皮肤温暖干燥
5.中等

Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?

  1. AA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
  2. BRestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool
  3. CAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating
  4. DUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week
6.中等

一名原发性肾上腺皮质功能减退的患者发热。关于类固醇替代治疗，通常的病日建议是什么？

  1. A在发热消退前停用类固醇
  2. B将剂量减半以减少副作用
  3. C增加糖皮质激素剂量，常为加倍
  4. D保持常规剂量，暂时避免多喝水
7.困难

A student has fever, a severe headache, a spreading non-blanching rash and a BP of 85/50 mmHg. A lumbar puncture is planned. What is the priority?

  1. AWait until after the lumbar puncture before giving antibiotics
  2. BGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and recheck observations in an hour
  3. CArrange a CT scan of the head before any treatment
  4. DGive IV antibiotics at once and start sepsis treatment
8.困难

Which statement correctly distinguishes spinal shock from neurogenic shock?

  1. AThey are two names for exactly the same condition
  2. BNeurogenic shock is caused by blood loss; spinal shock is caused by infection
  3. CSpinal shock is low blood pressure; neurogenic shock is the loss of reflexes
  4. DSpinal shock is lost reflexes; neurogenic shock is low BP and slow pulse

答案

  1. 1. D · 大量稀释尿和极度口渴
  2. 2. B · Glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
  3. 3. A · Escherichia coli
  4. 4. D · 低血压、脉搏缓慢、皮肤温暖干燥
  5. 5. A · A routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
  6. 6. C · 增加糖皮质激素剂量，常为加倍
  7. 7. D · Give IV antibiotics at once and start sepsis treatment
  8. 8. D · Spinal shock is lost reflexes; neurogenic shock is low BP and slow pulse

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