内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

A patient with Bell's palsy cannot close one eye fully. Which advice is most important?

1. AUse lubricating eye drops and protect or tape the eye at night
2. BMassage the closed eyeball firmly several times every day
3. CWear contact lenses to keep the eye moist
4. DLeave the eye uncovered so air can dry it out

A stroke affects the anterior cerebral artery. Which weakness pattern is most typical?

1. AThe opposite arm and face are weaker than the leg
2. BBoth legs are weak with normal arms
3. CThe same side of the body is weak
4. DThe opposite leg is weaker than the arm

What is a goitre?

1. AAn enlarged thyroid gland
2. BA tumour of the adrenal gland
3. CA swollen lymph node in the armpit
4. DAn overactive parathyroid gland

A patient with Conn's syndrome starts spironolactone. Which blood test should the nurse watch most closely?

1. AGlucose
2. BPotassium
3. CCalcium
4. DAmylase

为什么每次血液透析前后都要给患者称体重？

1. A计算未来一周每种药物的剂量
2. B因为没有体重数据机器无法启动
3. C了解清除了多少液体，并指导确定干体重
4. D检查营养不良引起的体重减轻

Where is the zero point of an external ventricular drain usually levelled?

1. AAt the mid-axillary line of the chest
2. BAt the tragus of the ear
3. CAt the top of the head
4. DAt the level of the umbilicus

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. AA complete lumbar cord injury
2. BCauda equina syndrome
3. CBrown-Séquard syndrome
4. DCentral cord syndrome

A patient with a brain tumour on high-dose dexamethasone has a capillary glucose of 16 mmol/L (288 mg/dL). They have no history of diabetes. What is the best explanation?

1. AA lab error, because steroids lower blood glucose
2. BA sign that the brain tumour has now spread to the pancreas
3. CSteroid-induced hyperglycaemia, which needs monitoring and treatment
4. DNormal for this patient, so no action is needed