内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

在同一支注射器里混合短效胰岛素和中效（NPH，浑浊）胰岛素时，应先抽取哪种？

1. A顺序都可以，没有区别
2. B先抽澄清的短效胰岛素，再抽浑浊的胰岛素
3. C先在一个药瓶里混合，再一起抽取
4. D先抽浑浊的胰岛素，再抽澄清的短效胰岛素

颅内压升高的患者通常采用哪种头部体位？

1. A头部抬高约 30°，颈部保持伸直
2. B平躺，头明显转向一侧
3. C头低于身体（Trendelenburg 体位）
4. D坐直，颈部前屈

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. AA tight band around the head that comes and goes
2. BOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand
3. CSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
4. DSlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning

一名卒中患者能听懂别人说的话，但很难找到词语，说话简短而吃力。这是哪种失语？

1. A感受性（Wernicke）失语
2. B完全听不懂的完全性失语
3. C表达性（Broca）失语
4. D面部肌肉无力引起的构音障碍

After a lumbar discectomy, which finding should the nurse report promptly?

1. AA dry, intact wound dressing
2. BStiffness when getting out of bed
3. CNew weakness or numbness in the legs
4. DMild pain at the wound site

A bladder scan straight after voiding shows 450 mL of urine still in the bladder. What does this show?

1. AThe patient has drunk too little fluid
2. BThe bladder is not emptying properly
3. CThe patient is passing urine normally
4. DThe kidneys are making too little urine

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. ACertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored
2. BNormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
3. CA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
4. DPossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded

A patient with hypopituitarism needs both hydrocortisone and levothyroxine. Which is usually started first?

1. AHydrocortisone
2. BLevothyroxine
3. CBoth on the same day, in any order
4. DNeither, until symptoms appear