内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

为什么记录卒中患者最后一次已知正常的时间很重要？

1. A一小时后才就诊的患者不能收入卒中单元
2. B这个时间决定哪一侧大脑受累
3. C需要用这个时间计算患者的 GCS 评分
4. D溶栓等治疗取决于发病后经过的时间

What is a common complication after a lumbar puncture?

1. ALoss of hearing in one ear
2. BPermanent paralysis of both legs from nerve damage
3. CA headache that is worse when sitting or standing
4. DA rapid rise in blood glucose

How is the pain of renal colic typically described?

1. AA dull ache in the lower back after lifting
2. BBurning pain in the chest after meals
3. CSevere pain that comes in waves from the loin to the groin
4. DPain in the right lower abdomen that started near the navel

A patient has radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. Which advice is correct?

1. AThere are no precautions, because the dose is tiny
2. BLimit close contact with children and pregnant women for a time
3. CStay in strict isolation in hospital for several months
4. DStart breastfeeding again the next day

Several hours after a carotid endarterectomy, which finding needs the most urgent action?

1. AMild pain at the incision site
2. BAn expanding neck swelling with noisy breathing
3. CA small amount of dried blood on the dressing
4. DA blood pressure slightly above the baseline

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. AKidney stones
2. BGout
3. CHair loss
4. DSkin cancer

A patient with renal colic has normal kidney function and no other contraindications. Which drug is usually the first choice for pain?

1. AOral paracetamol (acetaminophen) alone
2. BAn NSAID such as diclofenac
3. CAn oral antihistamine such as cetirizine
4. DA benzodiazepine such as diazepam

The nurse has four patients with diabetes. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient waiting for a routine HbA1c test
2. BA patient with a glucose of 2.8 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) who is sweaty and confused
3. CA patient with a glucose of 14 mmol/L (252 mg/dL) who feels well and is eating
4. DA newly diagnosed patient asking about which foods to eat