内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Tapping the cheek in front of the ear makes the facial muscles twitch. What is this sign called?

  1. ATrousseau's sign
  2. BKernig's sign
  3. CChvostek's sign
  4. DBattle's sign
2.简单

Which symptoms in a patient with back pain suggest cauda equina syndrome?

  1. ABack pain that eases when walking around the house
  2. BPain that is worse after a long day at work
  3. CMild stiffness in the morning that soon wears off
  4. DNumbness between the legs and new bladder problems
3.简单

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

  1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
  2. BLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord
  3. CToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
  4. DAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
4.中等

A patient has a nephrostomy tube. Which finding needs urgent action?

  1. AA dry, intact dressing at the site
  2. BDrainage that stops suddenly with new loin pain
  3. CLight pink urine on the first day after insertion
  4. DSteady urine drainage into the bag
5.中等

A man starts finasteride for an enlarged prostate. Which statement is correct?

  1. AIt is used only for a few days at a time
  2. BIt works within hours by relaxing the bladder muscle
  3. CIt lowers the blood pressure, so dizziness is very common
  4. DIt takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
6.中等

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

  1. AWeight loss and a fast tremor
  2. BA cough and a raised potassium
  3. CDry mouth and constipation
  4. DDiarrhoea and heavy sweating
7.困难

A patient has had a high sodium of 160 mmol/L for several days. Why must it be corrected slowly?

  1. ARapid correction can cause brain swelling
  2. BRapid correction causes kidney stones
  3. CThe sodium will rise again if corrected quickly
  4. DRapid correction raises the blood glucose
8.困难

On day 6 after a subarachnoid haemorrhage, a patient becomes newly confused and develops weakness in one arm. The aneurysm was secured on day 1. What is the most likely cause?

  1. ANormal tiredness after major surgery
  2. BHypoglycaemia from reduced eating
  3. CRe-bleeding from the secured aneurysm
  4. DDelayed cerebral ischaemia from vasospasm

答案

  1. 1. C · Chvostek's sign
  2. 2. D · Numbness between the legs and new bladder problems
  3. 3. A · Loss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
  4. 4. B · Drainage that stops suddenly with new loin pain
  5. 5. D · It takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
  6. 6. C · Dry mouth and constipation
  7. 7. A · Rapid correction can cause brain swelling
  8. 8. D · Delayed cerebral ischaemia from vasospasm

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