内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is a positive Kernig's sign?

  1. ABruising behind the ear after a head injury
  2. BPain and resistance when the knee is straightened with the hip flexed
  3. CBending of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed
  4. DTwitching of the facial muscles when the cheek is tapped in front of the ear
2.简单

What is a goitre?

  1. AA swollen lymph node in the armpit
  2. BAn overactive parathyroid gland
  3. CA tumour of the adrenal gland
  4. DAn enlarged thyroid gland
3.简单

Which group of features is typical of Parkinson's disease?

  1. AResting tremor, rigidity and slow movement
  2. BWeakness rising from the feet, with tingling and lost reflexes
  3. CIntention tremor, muscle wasting and twitching under the skin
  4. DDrooping eyelids and double vision that get worse later in the day
4.中等

A stroke patient speaks fluently, but the words make little sense, and they do not follow simple instructions. Which type of aphasia is this?

  1. AExpressive (Broca's) aphasia
  2. BDysarthria from facial weakness
  3. CReceptive (Wernicke's) aphasia
  4. DGlobal aphasia with no speech at all
5.中等

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

  1. AAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
  2. BBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster
  3. CThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
  4. DA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
6.中等

A patient has confirmed meningococcal meningitis. What is usually offered to their close household contacts?

  1. APreventive antibiotics
  2. BNo action unless they develop symptoms
  3. CA lumbar puncture to check for infection
  4. DA full course of IV antibiotics in hospital
7.困难

A patient with a known ureteric stone develops a fever of 39 °C (102.2 °F) and rigors. Scanning shows a blocked, swollen kidney. What is needed?

  1. AUrgent drainage of the kidney plus IV antibiotics
  2. BOral antibiotics and waiting for the stone to pass
  3. CA fluid restriction to reduce the swelling
  4. DStrong pain relief alone, then discharge
8.困难

一名 DKA 患者正在好转：血糖 9 mmol/L，酮体 0.4 mmol/L，pH 7.36。患者能进食和饮水。应如何停用静脉胰岛素？

  1. A现在停用静脉胰岛素，明天开始皮下胰岛素
  2. B停用所有胰岛素，因为酮症酸中毒已完全缓解
  3. C仅在血糖升至 20 mmol/L 以上时才给皮下胰岛素
  4. D随餐给予皮下胰岛素，重叠一段时间后停止静脉输注

答案

  1. 1. B · Pain and resistance when the knee is straightened with the hip flexed
  2. 2. D · An enlarged thyroid gland
  3. 3. A · Resting tremor, rigidity and slow movement
  4. 4. C · Receptive (Wernicke's) aphasia
  5. 5. D · A beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
  6. 6. A · Preventive antibiotics
  7. 7. A · Urgent drainage of the kidney plus IV antibiotics
  8. 8. D · 随餐给予皮下胰岛素，重叠一段时间后停止静脉输注

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