内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is Trousseau's sign?

1. ATwitching of the face when the cheek is tapped
2. BBruising around the eyes after a head injury
3. CHand spasm when a BP cuff is inflated on the arm
4. DPain in the calf when the foot is bent upwards

What is the most common cause of dementia?

1. AParkinson's disease
2. BHuntington's disease
3. CAlzheimer's disease
4. DMultiple sclerosis

Which classic triad is described in renal cell carcinoma, although few patients have all three?

1. ADysuria, frequency and urgency
2. BPolyuria, thirst and weight loss with tiredness
3. CFever, headache and a stiff neck
4. DHaematuria, flank pain and a palpable mass

关于甘精胰岛素等长效基础胰岛素，下列哪项说法正确？

1. A注射后约 30 分钟有明显的作用高峰
2. B与速效胰岛素混在同一支注射器中
3. C在 1 型糖尿病中，即使患者不进食也要继续使用
4. D仅在大餐后使用以覆盖碳水化合物

After a change in the levothyroxine dose, when is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter 3 days
2. BAfter 24 hours
3. CAfter about 6–8 weeks
4. DAfter about 2 years of treatment

Which statement about the PSA blood test is correct?

1. AIt is only raised in women with bladder cancer
2. BIt can be raised by benign problems as well as by cancer
3. CA raised result always means prostate cancer
4. DA normal result always rules out any prostate cancer

A patient with stable epilepsy on phenytoin started a new medicine last week. They now have nystagmus, an unsteady gait and slurred speech. What should the nurse do?

1. ASuspect a new stroke and give aspirin straight away before any scan
2. BSuspect phenytoin toxicity, hold the next dose and ask for a drug level
3. CGive the next phenytoin dose early to prevent a seizure
4. DEncourage the patient to walk more to improve their balance

一名重度颅脑损伤患者不睁眼，对疼痛的反应是双臂伸直并向内旋转、双腿伸直。这提示什么？

1. A对疼痛刺激的正常回缩反应
2. B伸展性（去大脑）姿势：严重的脑干损伤
3. C屈曲性（去皮质）姿势，是轻度皮质损伤的征象
4. D无需治疗就会自行停止的局灶性发作