内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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1.简单

What is the most common cause of a high sodium in a frail older adult?

  1. AEating too much fruit
  2. BNot drinking enough water
  3. CTaking too much insulin
  4. DDrinking too much water
2.简单

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

  1. AA tight band around the head that comes and goes
  2. BSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
  3. COne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand
  4. DSlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning
3.简单

How does haemodialysis remove waste from the blood?

  1. AWaste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
  2. BThe blood is spun so that waste sinks to the bottom
  3. CA filter in the stomach absorbs waste from food
  4. DThe waste is removed through a tube in the bladder
4.中等

A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?

  1. AA sign that the dose is too low
  2. BLiver toxicity from valproate
  3. CDehydration from drinking too little
  4. DA normal adjustment reaction to the drug
5.中等

Which lifestyle advice best helps a patient with epilepsy reduce their seizures?

  1. ADrink coffee in the evening to stay alert
  2. BSkip a dose on days without any warning signs
  3. CKeep regular sleep and take every dose on time
  4. DAvoid all physical exercise and stay indoors
6.中等

一名 SIADH 患者血钠 126 mmol/L，症状轻微。通常的一线治疗是什么？

  1. A额外口服水
  2. B静脉输注 5% 葡萄糖
  3. C去氨加压素
  4. D限制液体
7.困难

The day after a lumbar puncture, a patient has a headache that is severe when standing and almost gone when lying flat. Temperature and neck movement are normal. What is the most likely cause?

  1. AA migraine triggered by stress
  2. BA subarachnoid haemorrhage
  3. CBacterial meningitis from the procedure
  4. DPost-dural puncture headache
8.困难

Three days after a stroke, a patient with dysphagia on a modified diet has a temperature of 38.2 °C (100.8 °F), a respiratory rate of 24/min and crackles at the right lung base. What should the nurse do?

  1. ARecord the findings and recheck them at the next routine observation
  2. BGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and continue the modified diet as before
  3. CEncourage more fluids by mouth to treat the fever
  4. DSuspect aspiration pneumonia, stop oral intake and escalate for review

答案

  1. 1. B · Not drinking enough water
  2. 2. B · Sudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
  3. 3. A · Waste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
  4. 4. B · Liver toxicity from valproate
  5. 5. C · Keep regular sleep and take every dose on time
  6. 6. D · 限制液体
  7. 7. D · Post-dural puncture headache
  8. 8. D · Suspect aspiration pneumonia, stop oral intake and escalate for review

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