内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. ALoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord
2. BLoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
3. CToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
4. DAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle

What causes myasthenia gravis?

1. ADamage to myelin in the brain and spinal cord
2. BAntibodies against acetylcholine receptors on muscle
3. CCompression of a nerve root in the lower back
4. DLoss of dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain

在同一支注射器里混合短效胰岛素和中效（NPH，浑浊）胰岛素时，应先抽取哪种？

1. A顺序都可以，没有区别
2. B先在一个药瓶里混合，再一起抽取
3. C先抽浑浊的胰岛素，再抽澄清的短效胰岛素
4. D先抽澄清的短效胰岛素，再抽浑浊的胰岛素

Where is the zero point of an external ventricular drain usually levelled?

1. AAt the mid-axillary line of the chest
2. BAt the tragus of the ear
3. CAt the level of the umbilicus
4. DAt the top of the head

垂体手术后，一名患者三小时内每小时排尿 400 mL，尿比重低。护士应怀疑什么？

1. ASIADH
2. B正常利尿
3. C尿崩症
4. D急性肾损伤

Which group of drugs is a well-known cause of SIADH and hyponatraemia, especially in older people?

1. ABulk-forming laxatives
2. BPenicillin antibiotics
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DSSRI antidepressants

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. ACauda equina syndrome
2. BA complete lumbar cord injury
3. CCentral cord syndrome
4. DBrown-Séquard syndrome

A patient has frothy urine and marked leg swelling. Serum albumin is 18 g/L (1.8 g/dL), and BP is normal. The urine shows heavy protein but little blood. What is most likely?

1. AA urethral stricture
2. BNephrotic syndrome
3. CNephritic syndrome
4. DAcute pyelonephritis