内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

Which is a common cause of a low potassium level?

1. AAddison's disease
2. BTaking a loop diuretic such as furosemide
3. CAdvanced chronic kidney disease
4. DTaking an ACE inhibitor such as ramipril

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite
2. BExcess thirst with a very high glucose
3. CSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine
4. DHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss

How is the pain of trigeminal neuralgia typically described?

1. AA throbbing pain behind one eye with nausea and aura
2. BSudden electric-shock pain in the face set off by light touch
3. CA burning pain in both feet, worse at night
4. DA dull ache across the forehead that lasts all day

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A3200 mL
2. B2500 mL
3. C5700 mL
4. D700 mL

长期服用苯妥英的患者应被告知哪种副作用？

1. A逐渐发生的永久性听力丧失
2. B牙龈增生，因此良好的口腔卫生很重要
3. C几乎所有患者都会头皮脱发
4. D体重减轻和不耐热

After pressing the plunger of an insulin pen, what should the patient do?

1. AKeep the needle in the skin for about 10 seconds
2. BLeave the needle on the pen for the next injection
3. CPull the needle out at once and rub the site firmly
4. DInject a second dose straight away to be sure

A patient with a head injury now has a blood pressure of 190/70 mmHg, a pulse of 48/min and irregular breathing. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. AA normal stress response to pain, anxiety and the noise of the ward
2. BHypovolaemic shock from internal bleeding
3. CNeurogenic shock from a spinal cord injury
4. DCushing's triad, a late sign of raised intracranial pressure

一名护士正在护理四位患者。应首先看哪位患者？

1. A开颅术后右侧瞳孔新近散大且反应迟钝的患者
2. B询问磷结合剂的 CKD 患者
3. C到了服用左甲状腺素时间的稳定型甲状腺功能减退患者
4. D流出液清亮的腹膜透析患者