内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is the most common type of kidney stone?

  1. ACalcium oxalate
  2. BUric acid
  3. CStruvite
  4. DCystine
2.简单

下列哪项是急性肾损伤常见的肾前性原因？

  1. A前列腺增大阻塞尿液流出
  2. B庆大霉素对肾小管的损害
  3. C肾结石阻塞双侧输尿管
  4. D脱水或低血压
3.简单

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

  1. ASwelling of the ankles and frothy urine
  2. BHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
  3. CBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
  4. DPainless red urine with clots
4.中等

An 85-year-old care home resident becomes newly confused and is falling more often. A UTI is one possibility. Why?

  1. AConfusion is the only symptom of a UTI at any age
  2. BUrinary infections always cause a high fever in older adults
  3. CA UTI cannot occur in people over 80
  4. DOlder adults often show infection as confusion
5.中等

Before checking a capillary glucose, why should the patient wash their hands with soap and water?

  1. ASoap makes the blood flow faster from the finger
  2. BWashing lowers the glucose in the blood
  3. CSugar on the skin can give a falsely high reading
  4. DWashing prevents all infection from the lancet
6.中等

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

  1. ADrink it daily to protect the kidney
  2. BDrink it with each dose to improve the absorption
  3. CIt has no effect on these drugs
  4. DAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels
7.困难

A patient with Addison's disease has been vomiting for a day. They are confused, with BP 78/40 mmHg, sodium 126 mmol/L and potassium 6.0 mmol/L. What is the priority?

  1. AOral hydrocortisone and an antiemetic by mouth
  2. BA fluid restriction for the low sodium
  3. CIV potassium to correct the electrolytes
  4. DIV hydrocortisone straight away, plus IV fluids
8.困难

A patient with long-standing diabetes suddenly has many new floaters and painless loss of vision in one eye. What is most likely, and what is needed?

  1. ANormal ageing of the lens, needing new glasses
  2. BDry eyes, needing lubricating drops
  3. CA migraine aura, needing pain relief
  4. DA bleed into the eye from retinopathy, needing urgent review

答案

  1. 1. A · Calcium oxalate
  2. 2. D · 脱水或低血压
  3. 3. C · Burning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
  4. 4. D · Older adults often show infection as confusion
  5. 5. C · Sugar on the skin can give a falsely high reading
  6. 6. D · Avoid it, because it can raise the drug levels
  7. 7. D · IV hydrocortisone straight away, plus IV fluids
  8. 8. D · A bleed into the eye from retinopathy, needing urgent review

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