内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is the most common cause of dementia?

1. AAlzheimer's disease
2. BMultiple sclerosis
3. CParkinson's disease
4. DHuntington's disease

Which symptom is the classic warning sign of bladder cancer?

1. APainless visible blood in the urine
2. BLeaking urine when coughing
3. CSevere loin pain that comes in waves
4. DBurning pain on passing urine

After a head injury, a patient has bruising behind the ear over the mastoid bone. What does this suggest?

1. AA simple scalp laceration
2. BAn injury to the outer ear only
3. CA fracture of the base of the skull
4. DA fractured jaw

Why does a patient with untreated hypothyroidism need extra care when given opioids or sedatives?

1. AThey clear the drugs too fast, so higher doses are needed
2. BThey break the drugs down slowly and are more sensitive to them
3. CThese drugs make the thyroid gland overactive
4. DThere is no difference compared with other patients

哪个格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分通常提示患者可能无法保护自己的气道？

1. A11 分或以上
2. B8 分或以下
3. C15 分
4. D13 分或以下

一名患者卒中后出现同向性偏盲。护士起初应如何帮助？

1. A把呼叫铃和饮品放在看不见的一侧以训练该侧
2. B从看得见的一侧接近，并教其转头扫视
3. C保持房间昏暗以减少视觉刺激
4. D用眼罩遮盖患侧的眼睛

A nurse teaches foot care to a patient with diabetic neuropathy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will wear socks and shoes that fit well and do not rub."
2. B"I will buy corn plasters from the pharmacy for my corn."
3. C"I will check my feet every day, using a mirror for the soles."
4. D"I will check that the bath water is not too hot using my elbow."

一名急性肾小管坏死恢复中的患者进入多尿期，每天排尿超过 4 L。主要的护理关注点是什么？

1. A胰岛素过量引起的低血糖
2. B脱水伴低钾低钠
3. C液体过多伴高钾
4. D尿液潴留在膨胀的膀胱内