内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?

1. AA tumour of the adrenal medulla
2. BAn autoimmune attack on the adrenal glands
3. CLong-term use of glucocorticoid medicines
4. DA lack of ACTH from the pituitary gland

What is spinal shock?

1. AA severe allergic reaction to spinal anaesthetic
2. BA permanent loss of feeling in both hands only, from nerve damage
3. CA temporary loss of reflexes and tone below a spinal cord injury
4. DA very low blood pressure caused by blood loss after trauma

What is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer?

1. ADrinking a lot of water
2. BA diet high in fruit
3. CSmoking
4. DFrequent urinary infections in childhood

一名服用卡比马唑治疗甲状腺功能亢进的患者主诉咽痛和发热。护士应怎么做？

1. A安慰患者，因为该药没有严重的血液副作用
2. B将剂量加倍，以更快控制甲状腺
3. C安排紧急全血细胞计数，排查粒细胞缺乏症
4. D建议用盐水漱口，并继续服药一周

脊髓损伤患者发生自主神经反射异常最常见的诱因是什么？

1. A长时间睡眠
2. B夜间吃得过快的一顿大餐
3. C低血糖
4. D膀胱充盈或导尿管堵塞

For which patient with migraine would the nurse question an order for sumatriptan?

1. AA patient who also has asthma
2. BA patient with well-controlled hypothyroidism
3. CA patient with an allergy to penicillin
4. DA patient with a history of angina

A nurse teaches a patient about peritoneal dialysis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check my exit site every day."
2. B"I will weigh myself daily and record my fluid balance."
3. C"I will wash my hands carefully before each exchange."
4. D"If the fluid is cloudy, I'll see if it clears next time."

一名 T4 水平脊髓损伤的患者出现剧烈搏动性头痛，血压 210/110 mmHg，损伤平面以上皮肤潮红、多汗，脉搏 50 次/分。让患者坐起后，下一个优先事项是什么？

1. A让患者重新平躺，用枕头抬高双腿
2. B查找并去除诱因，首先从膀胱开始
3. C快速静脉推注液体以支持循环
4. D给予镇静剂，一小时后复测血压