内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

Why do women get urinary tract infections more often than men?

1. AThe urethra is shorter and closer to the anus
2. BWomen have more bacteria in their blood
3. CWomen drink more fluids than men do each day
4. DWomen's kidneys are smaller than men's

哪一组症状是甲状腺功能亢进的典型表现？

1. A声音嘶哑、面部浮肿和思维迟缓
2. B怕热、体重减轻、震颤和心悸
3. C便秘、皮肤干燥、指甲易断、头发粗糙稀疏
4. D怕冷、体重增加和脉搏缓慢

尿比重能告诉护士什么？

1. A尿液含有多少蛋白质
2. B尿液的浓缩程度
3. C血液中有多少葡萄糖
4. D尿液中是否含有细菌

一名患者醒来时出现卒中症状。他们 23:00 上床时一切正常，06:30 醒来。哪个时间被用作发病时间？

1. A23:00，即最后一次已知正常的时间
2. B到达医院的时间
3. C做 CT 扫描的时间
4. D06:30，即首次发现症状的时间

A patient with a suspected basal skull fracture needs a gastric tube. Which route is preferred?

1. AThrough the mouth (orogastric)
2. BThrough a fine-bore nasal tube
3. CThrough the nose with a guidewire
4. DThrough the nose (nasogastric)

Which measure best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. ARemove the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
2. BChange the catheter for a new one every day
3. CKeep the drainage bag above bladder level
4. DDisconnect the bag regularly to empty it

A patient is being assessed for brain death (brainstem death). Which condition must be excluded before testing?

1. AA history of high blood pressure
2. BA haemoglobin of 110 g/L (11 g/dL)
3. CA previous episode of migraine
4. DEffects of sedative drugs or severe hypothermia

A patient has fever, confusion, odd behaviour and a new seizure. Herpes simplex encephalitis is suspected. Which drug is usually started straight away?

1. AOral prednisolone
2. BIV insulin
3. COral amoxicillin
4. DIV aciclovir