内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Which fasting plasma glucose level is used to diagnose diabetes?

  1. A7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or higher
  2. B4.0 mmol/L (72 mg/dL) or higher
  3. C15.0 mmol/L (270 mg/dL) or higher
  4. D5.5 mmol/L (99 mg/dL) or higher
2.简单

What is automated peritoneal dialysis?

  1. AExchanges done overnight by a machine
  2. BDialysis that needs no fluid at all
  3. CA single exchange done once a week
  4. DDialysis in hospital through an arm fistula
3.简单

关于短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA），下列哪项说法正确？

  1. A不需要随访，因为所有症状都消失了
  2. B症状持续数天，并留下持久的无力
  3. C由脑组织内的小出血引起
  4. D症状完全消退，但卒中风险高，因此需要紧急评估
4.中等

A patient with a suspected basal skull fracture needs a gastric tube. Which route is preferred?

  1. AThrough the nose with a guidewire
  2. BThrough a fine-bore nasal tube
  3. CThrough the mouth (orogastric)
  4. DThrough the nose (nasogastric)
5.中等

Why are tacrolimus blood levels checked regularly?

  1. AToo high harms the kidney; too low risks rejection
  2. BThe levels show whether the patient has diabetes
  3. CThe drug only works if levels are as high as possible
  4. DThe levels show how much urine the kidney is making
6.中等

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

  1. AAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting
  2. BCheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better
  3. CKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
  4. DStop all insulin until normal eating restarts
7.困难

A patient with Parkinson's disease is nil by mouth after abdominal surgery. Their levodopa is due. What is the best action?

  1. AGive the tablets with a sip of water anyway
  2. BContact the prescriber or pharmacist about another route
  3. CGive double the dose once eating restarts
  4. DOmit the dose until the patient can swallow again
8.困难

A patient on carbamazepine is admitted confused, with a sodium of 121 mmol/L. Which explanation is most likely?

  1. ACarbamazepine causes salt loss through severe diarrhoea
  2. BConfusion is a normal, expected effect of carbamazepine and is unrelated to sodium
  3. CThe low sodium proves the patient has stopped taking the drug
  4. DCarbamazepine can cause hyponatraemia through an SIADH-like effect

答案

  1. 1. A · 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or higher
  2. 2. A · Exchanges done overnight by a machine
  3. 3. D · 症状完全消退，但卒中风险高，因此需要紧急评估
  4. 4. C · Through the mouth (orogastric)
  5. 5. A · Too high harms the kidney; too low risks rejection
  6. 6. C · Keep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
  7. 7. B · Contact the prescriber or pharmacist about another route
  8. 8. D · Carbamazepine can cause hyponatraemia through an SIADH-like effect

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