内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

哪项表现是尿崩症的典型表现？

1. A血糖高，尿中有大量葡萄糖
2. B少量高度浓缩的尿
3. C大量稀释尿和极度口渴
4. D液体潴留伴血清钠偏低

What is exophthalmos?

1. ABulging of the eyes
2. BYellowing of the eyes
3. CLoss of the outer eyebrows
4. DDrooping of one eyelid

What is a goitre?

1. AAn overactive parathyroid gland
2. BA swollen lymph node in the armpit
3. CAn enlarged thyroid gland
4. DA tumour of the adrenal gland

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AOmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
2. BWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
3. CGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
4. DGive the insulin with a glass of water instead

卒中静脉溶栓前，通常采用哪个血压限值？

1. A低于约 185/110 mmHg
2. B没有血压限值
3. C高于约 200/120 mmHg
4. D低于约 90/60 mmHg

A patient is starting nitrofurantoin for a UTI. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AIt turns the tears and sweat bright orange
2. BIt may turn the urine dark yellow or brown
3. CIt should be taken on an empty stomach with milk
4. DIt must be taken only once a week

一名患者的慢性低钠血症在 24 小时内从 115 纠正到 132 mmol/L。两天后他们出现言语含糊、吞咽困难和肢体无力。最可能的原因是什么？

1. A与血钠无关的新发卒中
2. B摄入不足引起的低血糖
3. C低钠血症的正常恢复
4. D渗透性脱髓鞘综合征

A patient on haemodialysis is on a medical ward. Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching the patient about fluid restriction
2. BDeciding which morning medicines to hold
3. CAssessing the thrill and bruit of the fistula
4. DWeighing the patient before they go to dialysis