内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

门冬胰岛素或赖脯胰岛素等速效胰岛素通常应在何时注射？

1. A每天一次，无论进餐情况
2. B餐后约两小时
3. C餐前不久或进餐时
4. D睡前，不进食

Which side effect is linked to SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin?

1. AOvergrowth of the gums
2. BOrange urine
3. CHair loss
4. DGenital fungal infections

对糖尿病患者，下列哪项日常足部护理建议是正确的？

1. A每天用热水泡脚一小时
2. B在家用剃刀片去除鸡眼
3. C每年到诊所检查一次双脚
4. D每天检查双脚，绝不赤脚行走

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs
2. BWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
3. CParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
4. DLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides

A bladder scan straight after voiding shows 450 mL of urine still in the bladder. What does this show?

1. AThe patient has drunk too little fluid
2. BThe kidneys are making too little urine
3. CThe bladder is not emptying properly
4. DThe patient is passing urine normally

A patient who has had type 1 diabetes for 30 years says they no longer feel the warning signs of a hypo. What is this called?

1. AHypoglycaemia unawareness
2. BInsulin resistance
3. CDiabetic ketoacidosis
4. DThe dawn phenomenon

一名 T4 水平脊髓损伤的患者出现剧烈搏动性头痛，血压 210/110 mmHg，损伤平面以上皮肤潮红、多汗，脉搏 50 次/分。让患者坐起后，下一个优先事项是什么？

1. A让患者重新平躺，用枕头抬高双腿
2. B给予镇静剂，一小时后复测血压
3. C查找并去除诱因，首先从膀胱开始
4. D快速静脉推注液体以支持循环

A large pituitary tumour presses on the optic chiasm. Which visual field defect is most typical?

1. AComplete blindness in one eye only
2. BLoss of central vision in both eyes
3. CLoss of the inner half of the field in both eyes
4. DLoss of the outer half of the field in both eyes