内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

  1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
  2. BAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
  3. CLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord
  4. DToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
2.简单

什么是发作后期（postictal phase）？

  1. A持续超过五分钟的发作
  2. B发作开始前的先兆感觉
  3. C发作后的嗜睡和意识混乱阶段
  4. D强直–阵挛发作开始时的僵直阶段
3.简单

How does haemodialysis remove waste from the blood?

  1. AThe blood is spun so that waste sinks to the bottom
  2. BThe waste is removed through a tube in the bladder
  3. CWaste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
  4. DA filter in the stomach absorbs waste from food
4.中等

A patient taking warfarin is diagnosed with an intracerebral haemorrhage. What is the priority treatment?

  1. AIV thrombolysis within 4.5 hours
  2. BUrgent reversal of the anticoagulant effect
  3. CDoubling the warfarin dose to stabilise the INR
  4. DStarting aspirin to prevent further clots
5.中等

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

  1. ANormal progress of migraine
  2. BA brain tumour, which is almost certain
  3. CMedication overuse headache
  4. DAn allergy to the painkillers
6.中等

A patient's fistula starts to bleed at home after the needles were removed. What should they do first?

  1. APress firmly on the site with clean gauze
  2. BWait for the next dialysis session
  3. CApply a tight tourniquet above the fistula
  4. DRaise the arm and let it bleed freely
7.困难

一名患者的慢性低钠血症在 24 小时内从 115 纠正到 132 mmol/L。两天后他们出现言语含糊、吞咽困难和肢体无力。最可能的原因是什么？

  1. A摄入不足引起的低血糖
  2. B渗透性脱髓鞘综合征
  3. C与血钠无关的新发卒中
  4. D低钠血症的正常恢复
8.困难

Weeks after starting insulin, a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes needs much less insulin and has frequent mild hypos. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. AA honeymoon phase, but insulin is still needed
  2. BThe insulin has gone off and should be replaced
  3. CThe diabetes has been cured, so insulin can stop
  4. DThe patient actually has type 2 diabetes

答案

  1. 1. A · Loss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
  2. 2. C · 发作后的嗜睡和意识混乱阶段
  3. 3. C · Waste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
  4. 4. B · Urgent reversal of the anticoagulant effect
  5. 5. C · Medication overuse headache
  6. 6. A · Press firmly on the site with clean gauze
  7. 7. B · 渗透性脱髓鞘综合征
  8. 8. A · A honeymoon phase, but insulin is still needed

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