内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

哪一组症状是甲状腺功能亢进的典型表现？

1. A便秘、皮肤干燥、指甲易断、头发粗糙稀疏
2. B声音嘶哑、面部浮肿和思维迟缓
3. C怕冷、体重增加和脉搏缓慢
4. D怕热、体重减轻、震颤和心悸

How should a patient collect a midstream urine sample?

1. ACollect urine from the toilet bowl afterwards
2. BLet the first part go in the toilet, then catch the middle
3. CCollect urine over 24 hours into one bottle
4. DCollect the very first drops into the container

在 FAST 卒中检测法中，字母 A 代表什么？

1. AAirway（气道）：气道是否开放、通畅？
2. BAlertness（警觉）：此人是否完全清醒？
3. CAllergies（过敏）：此人是否对什么过敏？
4. DArms（手臂）：双臂能否抬起并保持住？

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. ACloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein
2. BClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein
3. CClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
4. DBlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes

A patient has confirmed meningococcal meningitis. What is usually offered to their close household contacts?

1. ANo action unless they develop symptoms
2. BPreventive antibiotics
3. CA full course of IV antibiotics in hospital
4. DA lumbar puncture to check for infection

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid
2. BThe urine has a lot of glucose in it
3. CBacteria that convert nitrate are present
4. DThe kidneys are losing too much protein

A patient with a long-term catheter has fever and rigors, and a catheter UTI is suspected. Which action is recommended before starting antibiotics?

1. ATake a sample from the drainage bag and send it to the lab
2. BRemove the catheter and leave it out permanently
3. CFlush the catheter with saline and continue
4. DReplace the catheter and take a sample from the new one

A patient taking amiodarone has gained weight and feels tired and cold. Which blood test is most relevant?

1. ASerum ferritin
2. BThyroid function tests
3. CBlood alcohol level
4. DSerum amylase and lipase levels