内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

A stroke affects the anterior cerebral artery. Which weakness pattern is most typical?

1. AThe same side of the body is weak
2. BBoth legs are weak with normal arms
3. CThe opposite arm and face are weaker than the leg
4. DThe opposite leg is weaker than the arm

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite
2. BSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine
3. CHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss
4. DExcess thirst with a very high glucose

Which is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke?

1. AHigh blood pressure
2. BMale sex
3. COlder age
4. DFamily history of stroke

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. ABlow the nose often to clear any clots
2. BAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward
3. CDrink through a straw to keep the nose clean
4. DLie completely flat for at least a week after surgery

Why must Parkinson's medicines be given on time in hospital?

1. AGiving them on time prevents the disease from getting worse
2. BLate doses can soon cause stiffness, falls and poor swallowing
3. CLate doses build up in the blood and cause an overdose
4. DLate doses cause the patient to develop high blood glucose

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. ALoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
2. BWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
3. CWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs
4. DParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body

一名急性缺血性卒中患者不适合溶栓。第 1 天血压为 190/100 mmHg，没有其他紧急情况。通常哪种做法是恰当的？

1. A避免积极降压，遵循卒中团队的目标
2. B让患者平躺并大量快速补液
3. C用静脉药物迅速降至 110/70 mmHg
4. D每 5 分钟喷一次硝酸酯喷雾，直到低于 120 mmHg

During a water deprivation test for suspected diabetes insipidus, the patient loses more than 3% of body weight and becomes hypotensive. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue the test, because this result is expected
2. BStop the test and inform the doctor
3. CGive desmopressin without a prescription
4. DGive the patient a large drink and then restart the test