内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

疑似脊柱损伤的患者应如何翻身？

1. A让患者自己缓慢翻身
2. B由一个人抬着手臂和腿翻身
3. C先转动肩部，再转动臀部
4. D由团队协作轴线翻身，保持脊柱对齐

What does the term epilepsy mean?

1. AAny brief loss of consciousness, such as fainting
2. BA tendency to have recurrent seizures that are not provoked
3. CA single seizure caused by a high fever
4. DA seizure caused only by low blood sugar

Which head injury is classically linked to a lucid interval after a blow to the side of the head?

1. ADiffuse axonal injury
2. BChronic subdural haematoma
3. CConcussion
4. DExtradural haematoma

A man starts tamsulosin for BPH. Which teaching point is most important?

1. AStop it if the urine stream improves
2. BExpect the drug to shrink the prostate within a day
3. CStand up slowly, because it can make you dizzy
4. DTake it with grapefruit juice to make it work better

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A5, localises to pain
2. B6, obeys commands
3. C4, withdraws from pain
4. D3, abnormal flexion

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. AMedication overuse headache
2. BAn allergy to the painkillers
3. CNormal progress of migraine
4. DA brain tumour, which is almost certain

Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?

1. AIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
2. BAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high
3. CBlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
4. DThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3.4 mmol/L (about 13.6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AA fluid restriction
2. BIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
3. CIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D
4. DOral calcium tablets