内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

Which type of insulin is given intravenously, for example in an insulin infusion?

1. AIntermediate-acting NPH (isophane) insulin
2. BLong-acting insulin glargine
3. CPremixed biphasic insulin
4. DSoluble (regular) short-acting insulin

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AA lack of glucagon from the pancreas
2. BInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight
3. CAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
4. DEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood

Which symptoms in a patient with back pain suggest cauda equina syndrome?

1. ANumbness between the legs and new bladder problems
2. BMild stiffness in the morning that soon wears off
3. CPain that is worse after a long day at work
4. DBack pain that eases when walking around the house

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A5, localises to pain
2. B3, abnormal flexion
3. C4, withdraws from pain
4. D6, obeys commands

一次癫痫发作已持续五分钟且仍在继续。通常的一线药物治疗是什么？

1. A大腿外侧肌肉注射肾上腺素
2. B对每位患者先静脉注射 50% 葡萄糖，然后重新评估
3. C首先静脉负荷剂量苯妥英
4. D苯二氮䓬类药物，如静脉劳拉西泮或颊黏膜咪达唑仑

A patient with Alzheimer's disease starts donepezil. Which side effects should the nurse look for?

1. ADry mouth, constipation and a fast heart rate
2. BWeight gain, high glucose and swollen ankles
3. CA persistent dry cough and a raised potassium
4. DNausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate

一名因颈椎骨折佩戴 halo 背心的患者发生心脏骤停。必须立即备好什么？

1. A抬高头部和肩部的枕头
2. B用于剪断颅骨固定针的剪刀
3. C插入背心下方的硬板
4. D用于打开背心前部以便进行心肺复苏的工具

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result
2. BTeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
3. CAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2.6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
4. DChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range