内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

哪种类型的卒中最常见？

1. A动脉阻塞引起的缺血性卒中
2. B动脉破裂引起的出血性卒中
3. C动脉瘤引起的蛛网膜下腔出血
4. D脑静脉窦血栓形成

Which picture is typical of Guillain–Barré syndrome?

1. AA sudden one-sided facial droop with slurred speech
2. BRising weakness from the legs, weeks after an infection
3. CA resting tremor that slowly spreads to the other hand
4. DMuscle weakness that worsens late in the day and improves with rest

A febrile patient has a rash that does not fade when a glass is pressed against it. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AMeningococcal septicaemia
2. BHeat rash from a high temperature
3. CAn allergic reaction to soap
4. DA simple viral skin rash

Why are tacrolimus blood levels checked regularly?

1. AToo high harms the kidney; too low risks rejection
2. BThe levels show how much urine the kidney is making
3. CThe drug only works if levels are as high as possible
4. DThe levels show whether the patient has diabetes

A patient takes levodopa for Parkinson's disease. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AThe drug cures the disease if taken for a full year
2. BStop the drug for a day each week to avoid tolerance
3. CLarge high-protein meals can reduce how well the drug works
4. DThe tablets work best taken with a large steak dinner

一名右半球卒中的患者忽略盘子左侧的食物。这称为什么？

1. A左侧忽略
2. B小脑共济失调
3. C吞咽困难
4. D表达性失语

A patient with type 1 diabetes is vomiting at home. Their glucose is 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL), and blood ketones are 3.5 mmol/L. What advice is correct?

1. ASeek urgent hospital assessment for possible DKA
2. BWait until the glucose is above 20 mmol/L (360 mg/dL)
3. CStop insulin until the vomiting has settled
4. DDrink less fluid to stop the vomiting

A patient with Addison's disease has been vomiting for a day. They are confused, with BP 78/40 mmHg, sodium 126 mmol/L and potassium 6.0 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. AIV hydrocortisone straight away, plus IV fluids
2. BA fluid restriction for the low sodium
3. COral hydrocortisone and an antiemetic by mouth
4. DIV potassium to correct the electrolytes