内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
2. BIt is caused by drinking too little water
3. CIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
4. DIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys

Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?

1. AAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 0.5 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 0.05 mL/kg per hour

哪个水平的脊髓损伤最可能使膈肌停止工作？

1. AL3 或以下的完全性损伤
2. BS2 或以下的完全性损伤
3. CT10 或以下的完全性损伤
4. DC3 或以上的完全性损伤

甲状腺切除术后，为什么常在床边备有拆线或拆夹器？

1. A颈部血肿可压迫气道，可能需要松解
2. B必须在术后第一天晚上拆线
3. C用于从颈静脉抽血
4. D用于在引流管不通时调整引流管

Why must Parkinson's medicines be given on time in hospital?

1. ALate doses build up in the blood and cause an overdose
2. BLate doses can soon cause stiffness, falls and poor swallowing
3. CLate doses cause the patient to develop high blood glucose
4. DGiving them on time prevents the disease from getting worse

A patient has confirmed meningococcal meningitis. What is usually offered to their close household contacts?

1. AA full course of IV antibiotics in hospital
2. BNo action unless they develop symptoms
3. CA lumbar puncture to check for infection
4. DPreventive antibiotics

A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?

1. AKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin
2. BThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer
3. CThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before
4. DKidney disease makes the meter read too low

Six hours after a catheter is removed, a patient has not passed urine and feels uncomfortable. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient to drink two litres of water quickly
2. BDo a bladder scan to check for retention
3. CWait until the next morning before checking
4. DPut the catheter back without assessing